如何查看mysql的数据库存放的路径以及安装路径
1.简单查看路径
1.查看数据库的存放路径
进入mysql终端
mysql>show variables like '%datadir%';
2.查看文件安装路径
[root@hadoop01 etc]# whereis mysql mysql: /usr/bin/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz
安装了mysql,但是不知道文件都安装在哪些地方、放在哪些文件夹里，可以用下面的命令查看所有的文件路径 whereis
然后我们依次访问上面四个文件夹和文件：
[root@hadoop01 ~]# cd /usr/bin/mysql -bash: cd: /usr/bin/mysql: Not a directory [root@hadoop01 ~]# more /usr/bin/mysql ******** /usr/bin/mysql: Not a text file ******** [root@hadoop01 ~]# cd /usr/lib64/mysql [root@hadoop01 mysql]# ll total 9364 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Oct 6 11:54 libmysqlclient_r.so.18 -> libmysqlclient.so.18 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Oct 6 11:54 libmysqlclient_r.so.18.1.0 -> libmysqlclient.so.18.1.0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Oct 6 11:54 libmysqlclient.so.18 -> libmysqlclient.so.18.1.0 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9581056 Sep 14 2017 libmysqlclient.so.18.1.0 drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 plugin [root@hadoop01 mysql]# cd /usr/share/mysql [root@hadoop01 mysql]# ll total 1536 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 bulgarian drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 charsets drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 czech drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 danish -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25575 Sep 13 2017 dictionary.txt drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 dutch drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 english -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 506007 Sep 13 2017 errmsg-utf8.txt drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 estonian -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 795692 Sep 13 2017 fill_help_tables.sql drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 french drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 german drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 greek drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 hungarian -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3963 Sep 13 2017 innodb_memcached_config.sql drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 italian drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 japanese drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 korean -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 773 Sep 13 2017 magic -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1126 Sep 14 2017 my-default.cnf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 844 Sep 14 2017 mysql-log-rotate -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1695 Sep 13 2017 mysql_security_commands.sql -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3548 Sep 13 2017 mysql_system_tables_data.sql -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 93241 Sep 13 2017 mysql_system_tables.sql -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10410 Sep 13 2017 mysql_test_data_timezone.sql drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 norwegian drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 norwegian-ny drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 polish drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 portuguese drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 romanian drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 russian drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 SELinux drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 serbian drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 slovak drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 spanish drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 swedish drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 11:54 ukrainian [root@hadoop01 ~]# cd /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz -bash: cd: /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz: Not a directory
3.询运行文件所在路径(文件夹地址)
只要查询文件的运行文件所在地址，直接用下面的命令
2.Linux下查看mysql是否安装,以及安装路径。
[root@hadoop01 mysql]# ps -ef|grep mysql mysql 1073 1 0 12:51 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr mysql 1336 1073 0 12:51 ? 00:00:01 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock root 1589 1567 0 14:00 tty1 00:00:00 mysql -uroot -px xx root 1632 1613 0 14:03 pts/0 00:00:00 mysql -uroot -px xx root 1690 1635 0 14:21 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
我们单独拿出来讲一下：
/usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr #文件存放目录 --datadir=/var/lib/mysql #mysql插件安装地址 --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin #错误日志 --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log #mysql进程id --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid #文件是负责mysql的连接的,如果该文件不存在,则无法访问mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
那么做这些参数怎么来的？他是由/etc/my.conf 配置文件控制的
/etc/my.cnf [root@hadoop01 etc]# cat /etc/my.cnf # For advice on how to change settings please see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html [mysqld] # # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%. # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M # # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging # changes to the binary log between backups. # log_bin # # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers. # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs. # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values. # join_buffer_size = 128M # sort_buffer_size = 2M # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Recommended in standard MySQL setup sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
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